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For much of 2014, health officials around the world have been guarding against the Ebola virus. But there is another disease that can cause as much attention and fear – plague. Plague is caused by bacteria found on small animals and the flea insects that bite them. People infected with plague usually develop flu-like sickness three to seven days after infection. Recently, the World Health Organization reported on cases of plague, some of them deadly, in Madagascar. Just the word plague calls up images of the Black Death, an epidemic disease outbreak hundreds of years ago. Plague spread quickly in 14th century Europe killing tens of millions of people. The World Health Organization is working with health officials in Madagascar to contain the current outbreak. Plague reappears in the country most years. However, the WHO’s Christian Lindmeier says the number of cases now appears to be higher than in recent years. He says the disease could spread quickly in Antananarivo, the capital, because of its high population and weak health care system. Another problem is that the insects spreading the disease are becoming resistant to the chemicals used to kill them. Untreated infections can lead to a kind of plague passed from person to person. That makes the spread much more difficult to contain. Christian Lindmeier says insecticides and antibiotics are being made available in those areas. Plague can be successfully treated with antibiotic drugs if caught early.
